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How to ensure dimensional accuracy and surface quality of parts in precision machining
Add Time：2025-03-28
In precision machining, the key methods and measures to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of parts include the following aspects :
. Choose the right machine: the rigidity and stability of the machine tool have a direct impact on the machining accuracy of the parts. The machine tool with good rigidity can resist deformation during processing, and the machine tool with good stability can ensure the smooth process of processing. In addition, the guide rail accuracy of the machine tool, the bearing capacity and stability of the spindle will also affect the machining accuracy of the parts
. Choose the right tool: the quality of the tool and geometric parameters directly affect the machining accuracy. High quality tool materials have better cutting performance, longer service life and better accuracy retention performance. The cutting edge shape of the tool, the back Angle of the tool and the deflection Angle of the tool will also have an important impact on the machining accuracy of the parts .
. Optimization process parameters: The selection of cutting speed, feed speed and cutting depth and other process parameters will directly affect the cutting force and cutting temperature and other factors, and then affect the machining quality and accuracy of parts. Reasonable use of cutting fluid and cooling fluid to ensure that the tool and workpiece are not easy to wear and deformation during processing, so as to improve the accuracy of the parts .
. The use of advanced machining technology : CNC machining technology and high-speed machining technology can improve the machining accuracy and stability. CNC machining technology can control the machine tool movement track by computer program to achieve high machining accuracy and stability. High-speed machining technology uses high-speed rotating tool to improve the machining speed, so as to improve the machining accuracy to a certain extent.
. Strict process control: in each link of machining, strict control is carried out to ensure that each process is carried out in accordance with the predetermined process requirements. Regular inspection and maintenance of machine tools and tools to ensure that they are in good working condition. The skill and experience of the operator also have an important impact on the machining accuracy of the part .
. Material selection: Choosing the right material is the first step to ensure the dimensional accuracy of precision parts. The properties of material such as thermal expansion and contraction coefficient, stability and mechanical properties will directly affect the dimensional stability of parts. The selection of materials with a small coefficient of thermal expansion and good stability can reduce dimensional variation .
. Environmental control: The processing environment has an obvious effect on the surface quality of the parts. Ensure that the machining shop has good environmental control facilities, such as constant temperature and humidity equipment, shock absorption device, etc., to reduce the impact of environmental factors on the processing quality .
. Quality inspection: The use of high-precision measuring equipment and tools, CNC machining parts size detection and surface quality assessment, to ensure that they meet the requirements of machining accuracy. Establish a strict quality control system, including quality inspection and sampling testing, tracking and recording every link of dimensional accuracy, timely discovery and correction of processing problems .
Through the above measures, we can effectively ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of parts in precision machining, and meet the production needs of high precision.